Fourier analysis expresses f(x) = Sum( ai *cos bi x ) + Sum (ci *sin di x), as a power series of sine, cosine terms. A Fourier Transform transforms from one domain, e.g. the spatial domain, to another domain, e.g. the frequency domain.
Example:
(actually have real and imaginary parts but sometimes plot
only magnitude).
Magn(a + bi) = (a2 + b2)^1/2
We also can do digital filtering.
Example of some Fourier Transforms:
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