Translation is a simple straight line movement of the object.

(old coordinates are (x, y) and the new coordinates are (x', y'))
x' = x + Tx
y' = y + Ty
For a complex object such as a polygon, add the translation distances (Tx, Ty) for each endpoint of the object. For a circle or ellipse:
xc' = xc + Tx
yc' = yc + Ty
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